Predictors associated with malocclusion in children with and without sleep disorders: a cross-sectional study.

The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors of malocclusion in Brazilian schoolchildren eight to ten years of age based on a causal directed acyclic graph model. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. Parents/guardians provided information on sleep disorders of the child (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) and family characteristics (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale). The diagnosis of malocclusion was performed by four trained examiners using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Control variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by robust logistic regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). The following variables were associated with malocclusion in the final model: sleep disorders (OR = 2.61; 95%CI: 2.43-2.86), mouth breathing (OR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.99), non-nutritive sucking habits (OR = 2.45; 95%CI: 2.37-4.85), and obesity (OR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.02-2.33). Sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, and premature tooth loss did not remain associated with malocclusion. Sleep disorders, mouth breathing, sucking habits, and obesity are predictors of malocclusion in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age.

Seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren: A multilevel analysis.

To investigate individual and contextual factors associated with seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of guardians and children. Guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, seeking treatment for a tooth injury in the child, and the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analysis (p<0.05). The prevalence of seeking treatment for traumatic dental injury was 44.7%. Sociodemographic variables associated were white skin of the child (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.76), mother's age older than 35 years (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.50-1.90), married parents (PR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.70-2.23), guardians with more than eight years of schooling (PR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.76-2.23), with adequate oral health literacy (PR = 3.33; 95% CI: 3.01-3.62) and the daily use of electronic devices by the child (PR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.50). On the contextual level, attending a private school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the number of primary care units with oral health teams in the school district (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.12-2.38) remained associated. Among the children who suffered TDI, adequate oral health literacy on the part of the parents stood out among the factors associated with seeking treatment.

Seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren: A multilevel analysis

ABSTRACT To investigate individual and contextual factors associated with seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of guardians and children. Guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, seeking treatment for a tooth injury in the child, and the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analysis (p<0.05). The prevalence of seeking treatment for traumatic dental injury was 44.7%. Sociodemographic variables associated were white skin of the child (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.76), mother's age older than 35 years (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.50-1.90), married parents (PR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.70-2.23), guardians with more than eight years of schooling (PR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.76-2.23), with adequate oral health literacy (PR = 3.33; 95% CI: 3.01-3.62) and the daily use of electronic devices by the child (PR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.50). On the contextual level, attending a private school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the number of primary care units with oral health teams in the school district (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.12-2.38) remained associated. Among the children who suffered TDI, adequate oral health literacy on the part of the parents stood out among the factors associated with seeking treatment.

Resumo Investigar fatores individuais e contextuais associados à busca de tratamento para lesões dentárias traumáticas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 739 pares de responsáveis e crianças. Os responsáveis responderam a um questionário abordando características sociodemográficas, busca por tratamento para traumatismo dentário na criança e o Questionário de alfabetização em saúde bucal para adulto. Análise descritiva e análise de regressão de Poisson multinível não ajustada e ajustada (p<0,05) foram realizadas. A prevalência de busca de tratamento para lesão dentária traumática foi de 44,7%. As variáveis sociodemográficas associadas foram a pele branca da criança (RP = 1,30; IC 95%: 1,08-1,76), idade da mãe maior que 35 anos (RP = 1,70; IC 95%: 1,50-1,90), os responsáveis casados (RP = 1,93; IC 95%: 1,70-2,23), com mais de oito anos de estudo (RP = 2,00; IC 95%: 1,76-2,23), com alfabetização adequada em saúde bucal (RP = 2,00; IC 95%: 1,76-2,23) e uso diário de dispositivos eletrônicos pela criança (RP = 1,26; IC 95%: 1,02-1,50). No nível contextual, frequentar uma escola particular (PR = 1,77; IC 95%: 1,02-3,05) e a quantidade de unidades básicas de saúde com equipes de saúde bucal no distrito sanitário da escola (PR = 1,78; IC 95%: 1,12-2,38) permaneceram associados. Entre as crianças que sofreram TDI, a alfabetização em saúde bucal adequada dos pais foi um fator que se destacou na busca por tratamento.

Is oral health literacy associated with conceptions of care and behavior related to the prevention of COVID-19?

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of oral health literacy (OHL) on conceptions of care and behaviors related to COVID-19. The sample came from two preliminary cross-sectional studies that determined the level of OHL of parents/guardians of six-to-12-year-old children in two major Brazilian cities (Curitiba and Belo Horizonte). Functional OHL was measured using the Brazilian version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) and the Health Literacy Dental Scale (HeLD-14) for the evaluation of interactive OHL. Participants were recruited through e-mail, social media, and telephone contact. The questionnaire on conceptions of care and behaviors related to COVID-19 was created based on the guidelines of the World Health Organization. Two hundred nineteen individuals participated in the study. There was no significant difference in socioeconomic and demographic variables and in the medians of BREALD and HeLD-14 between the two cities (P>0.05). Higher levels of functional OHL were associated with an appropriate conception that individual care affects collective care (P=0.038), but with an inappropriate conception of seeking medical assistance in cases of mild symptoms (P=0.030). Higher levels of interactive OHL were related to social distancing behavior in the city of Curitiba (P=0.049) and in the overall sample (P=0.040). It is concluded that functional OHL was associated with two of the investigated conceptions about COVID-19, while interactive OHL was associated with social distancing behavior. These data may suggest that different dimensions of the OHL can have an impact on different aspects of coping with the pandemic.

Is oral health literacy associated with conceptions of care and behavior related to the prevention of COVID-19?

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of oral health literacy (OHL) on conceptions of care and behaviors related to COVID-19. The sample came from two preliminary cross-sectional studies that determined the level of OHL of parents/guardians of six-to-12-year-old children in two major Brazilian cities (Curitiba and Belo Horizonte). Functional OHL was measured using the Brazilian version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) and the Health Literacy Dental Scale (HeLD-14) for the evaluation of interactive OHL. Participants were recruited through e-mail, social media, and telephone contact. The questionnaire on conceptions of care and behaviors related to COVID-19 was created based on the guidelines of the World Health Organization. Two hundred nineteen individuals participated in the study. There was no significant difference in socioeconomic and demographic variables and in the medians of BREALD and HeLD-14 between the two cities (P>0.05). Higher levels of functional OHL were associated with an appropriate conception that individual care affects collective care (P=0.038), but with an inappropriate conception of seeking medical assistance in cases of mild symptoms (P=0.030). Higher levels of interactive OHL were related to social distancing behavior in the city of Curitiba (P=0.049) and in the overall sample (P=0.040). It is concluded that functional OHL was associated with two of the investigated conceptions about COVID-19, while interactive OHL was associated with social distancing behavior. These data may suggest that different dimensions of the OHL can have an impact on different aspects of coping with the pandemic.

Predictors associated with malocclusion in children with and without sleep disorders: a cross-sectional study

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors of malocclusion in Brazilian schoolchildren eight to ten years of age based on a causal directed acyclic graph model. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. Parents/guardians provided information on sleep disorders of the child (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) and family characteristics (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale). The diagnosis of malocclusion was performed by four trained examiners using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Control variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by robust logistic regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). The following variables were associated with malocclusion in the final model: sleep disorders (OR = 2.61; 95%CI: 2.43-2.86), mouth breathing (OR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.99), non-nutritive sucking habits (OR = 2.45; 95%CI: 2.37-4.85), and obesity (OR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.02-2.33). Sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, and premature tooth loss did not remain associated with malocclusion. Sleep disorders, mouth breathing, sucking habits, and obesity are predictors of malocclusion in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age.

Evaluation of the association between self-reported sleep bruxism and chronotype and sleep quality among dental students / Avaliação da associação entre cronotipo, qualidade do sono e autorrelato de bruxismo do sono entre estudantes universitários de Odontologia

ABSTRACT Background Sleep bruxism (BS) is defined as involuntary jaw movements characterized by grinding and clenching teeth. Objective To verify the association between chronotype, sleep quality, and self-reporting of BS in dental students. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 undergraduate dental students at a public university in northeast Brazil. The participants answered the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for the identification of chronotype and another questionnaire regarding daily aspects to collect information about sleep quality, self-reported sleep bruxism, the use of sleeping pills, snoring, concentration during daily activities and energy upon waking. Results The prevalence of self-reported sleep bruxism was 11.0%. In the final model, the eveningness chronotype (OR = 23.00; 95% CI: 2.36-223.84, p = 0.007), habitual snoring (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.31-7.39, p = 0.01) and low energy upon waking in the morning (OR = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.96-5.58, p = 0.040) were associated with self-reported sleep bruxism. Conclusion The evening chronotype, presence of snoring, and low energy when waking up in the morning influenced self-reporting of sleep bruxism among undergraduate dental students.

RESUMO Introdução O bruxismo do sono (BS) é definido como movimentos involuntários da mandíbula caracterizados por ranger e apertar os dentes. Objetivo Verificar se o cronotipo e a qualidade do sono estão associados ao autorrelato de BS em graduandos de Odontologia. Método Um estudo transversal com 214 estudantes de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Os participantes responderam ao Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire para identificar os cronotipos e outro questionário sobre aspectos diários em que foram coletadas informações sobre qualidade do sono, autorrelato de bruxismo do sono, uso de pílulas para dormir, ronco, concentração nas atividades diárias, energia ao acordar. Resultados A prevalência de autorrelato do bruxismo do sono foi de 11,0%. No modelo final, o cronotipo noturno (OR = 23,00; 95% IC: 2.36-223.84, p = 0,007), o hábito de roncar (OR = 3,12; 95% IC: 1.31-7.39, p = 0,01) e o baixo nível de energia ao acordar pela manhã (OR = 2,37; 95% IC: 1.96-5.58, p = 0,04) estiveram associados com o autorrelato de BS. Conclusão O cronotipo noturno, a presença do ronco e a baixa energia ao se levantar pela manhã influenciaram o autorrelato de bruxismo do sono entre os estudantes de graduação em Odontologia.

Use of electronic devices, practice of sports, and awake bruxism in schoolchildren aged eight to ten years.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether possible awake bruxism (AB) is associated with the use of electronic devices and the practice of sports in schoolchildren aged eight to ten years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 students in public and private schools in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data. The children answered questions about use of electronic devices, practice of sports, and AB. Statistical analysis involved robust logistic regression for complex samples (α = 5%). The prevalence of possible AB was 14.9%. Being female (OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.11-2.63), being the middle child (OR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.14-3.88), having unmarried parents (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.13-2.65), daily use of a cell phone/tablet/computer (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.19-2.80), use of electronic devices for two or more hours per day (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.35-2.86), and playing sports in and/or out of school (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.18-2.52) remained associated with possible AB in the final model. The presence of possible AB was influenced by the use of electronic devices and the practice of sports among schoolchildren aged eight to ten years.

Profile of brazilian research productivity grant holders with a background in pediatric dentistry.

This study outlines the profile of research productivity grant holders of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)] in the field of pediatric dentistry. A cross-sectional study with data collected from the Brazilian academic curriculum vitae database. The eligibility criterion was being a research productivity grant holder in pediatric dentistry from 2018 to 2020. In the period of interest, 215 individuals were research productivity grant holders in the field of dentistry, 33 of whom had graduate degrees (specialization, master's or doctorate) in pediatric dentistry. The period of scientific production and work concluded of advising of scientific initiation, master, doctoral and post-doctoral degrees was 2010 to 2020. Descriptive analysis was performed and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze associations (5% significance level) between productivity grant level (2, 1D, 1C, 1B or 1A) and year of obtainment of the doctoral degree. The VOSviewer (version 1.6.17) was used to present graphically the interinstitutional collaborations. The sample was composed of Level 2 researchers (66.7%), women (66.7%), researchers linked to institutions in the southeastern region of Brazil (81.8%), with a doctoral degree concluded prior to 2002 (51.5%), began working as a professor at a higher education institution prior to 2007 (78.8%) and the title of full professor (45.5%). No significant association was found between productivity grant level and year of conclusion of the doctoral degree (p = 0.10). Median (interquartile range) of scientific articles was 119 (37-312). The prevalence of citations (57.52%) and JCR articles (62.76%) was higher among female researchers. In conclusion, CNPq research productivity grant holders in pediatric dentistry are essentially represented by females from the southeast region of the country (UFMG and USP). However, males have proportionally greater productivity.

Profile of brazilian research productivity grant holders with a background in pediatric dentistry

Abstract This study outlines the profile of research productivity grant holders of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development)] in the field of pediatric dentistry. A cross-sectional study with data collected from the Brazilian academic curriculum vitae database. The eligibility criterion was being a research productivity grant holder in pediatric dentistry from 2018 to 2020. In the period of interest, 215 individuals were research productivity grant holders in the field of dentistry, 33 of whom had graduate degrees (specialization, master's or doctorate) in pediatric dentistry. The period of scientific production and work concluded of advising of scientific initiation, master, doctoral and post-doctoral degrees was 2010 to 2020. Descriptive analysis was performed and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze associations (5% significance level) between productivity grant level (2, 1D, 1C, 1B or 1A) and year of obtainment of the doctoral degree. The VOSviewer (version 1.6.17) was used to present graphically the interinstitutional collaborations. The sample was composed of Level 2 researchers (66.7%), women (66.7%), researchers linked to institutions in the southeastern region of Brazil (81.8%), with a doctoral degree concluded prior to 2002 (51.5%), began working as a professor at a higher education institution prior to 2007 (78.8%) and the title of full professor (45.5%). No significant association was found between productivity grant level and year of conclusion of the doctoral degree (p = 0.10). Median (interquartile range) of scientific articles was 119 (37-312). The prevalence of citations (57.52%) and JCR articles (62.76%) was higher among female researchers. In conclusion, CNPq research productivity grant holders in pediatric dentistry are essentially represented by females from the southeast region of the country (UFMG and USP). However, males have proportionally greater productivity.

Resumo Este estudo traça o perfil dos pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) da área de odontopediatria. Pesquisa transversal com dados coletados na base de currículos acadêmicos brasileiros. Os critérios de elegibilidade abrangeram os pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade de 2018 a 2020. Foram identificados 215 pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade na área de odontologia, dos quais 33 com pós-graduação (especialização, mestrado ou doutorado) em odontopediatria. O período de produção científica e trabalho de orientação concluído de iniciação científica, mestrado, doutorado e pós-doutorado foi de 2010 a 2020. Foi realizada análise descritiva e o teste de Kruskall-Wallis foi utilizado para verificar associações (nível de significância de 5%) entre nível da bolsa de produtividade (2, 1D, 1C, 1B ou 1A) e ano de obtenção do grau de doutor. O programa VOSviewer (versão 1.6.17) foi utilizado para identificar colaborações interinstitucionais. A amostra foi composta por pesquisadores de Nível 2 (66,7%), mulheres (66,7%), pesquisadores vinculados a instituições da região sudeste do Brasil (81,8%), com doutorado concluído antes de 2002 (51,5%), começaram a atuar como professor em instituição de ensino superior anterior a 2007 (78,8%) e o título de professor titular (45,5%). Não foi encontrada associação significativa entre nível de bolsa de produtividade e ano de conclusão do doutorado (p = 0,10). A mediana (intervalo interquartil) de artigos científicos foi de 119 (37-312). A prevalência de citações (57,52%) e artigos do JCR (62,76%) foi maior entre as pesquisadoras. Em conclusão, os pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade em Odontopediatria do CNPq são representados essencialmente por mulheres da região sudeste do país. No entanto, os homens apresentaram produtividade proporcionalmente maior.

Orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, and dental caries influence malocclusion in children aged 8-10 years.

INTRODUCTION: Malocclusion is one of the most prevalent oral health problems and can affect self-esteem, social relations, and oral health-related quality of life. The present study aimed to evaluate associations between malocclusion and orofacial dysfunction, nonnutritive sucking habits, cavitated carious lesions, and anxiety in Brazilian children. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 739 children aged 8-10 years. Parents or guardians provided sociodemographic data and information on the nonnutritive sucking habits of the children. The children answered the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Four trained examiners examined the children for the diagnosis of malocclusion (dental aesthetic index), dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), and orofacial dysfunction (Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening). The control variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Descriptive statistics were performed, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust logistic regression analysis (P <0.05). RESULTS: The following variables remained associated with the occurrence of malocclusion in the final model: nonnutritive sucking habits (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-4.08), orofacial dysfunction (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.13-2.17), and cavitated carious lesion (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.89). CONCLUSIONS: Nonnutritive sucking habits, orofacial dysfunction, and cavitated carious lesions were associated with the presence of malocclusion in children aged 8-10 years.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and sleep bruxism in children eight to ten years of age.

This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and possible sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. The study hypothesis was that sleep disturbances influenced a higher occurrence of bruxism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was conducted at two time points: in person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), and online during the pandemic (T2). The sample comprised 105 children. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, the use of electronic devices, reported (vs. clinical) SB, and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) at both T1 and T2. McNemar's and Wilcoxon's tests were used to compare SB and sleep disorders at both time points. Poisson regression analysis determined the relative risk (RR) among the variables, and the incidence of possible SB (p≤0.05). The comparison of the two time points (T1 and T2) revealed a significant increase in possible SB (p<0.01) and sleep disorders (p < 0.04). Children whose parents had a lower schooling level (RR: 2.67; 95%CI: 1.19-6.01), those with their own electronic devices (RR: 1.97; 95%CI: 1.09-2.50), and those with sleep disorders during the pandemic (RR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.35-2.24) were at greater risk of developing SB during the pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of bruxism and sleep disorders was greater during the pandemic. The factors influencing SB incidence during the pandemic were a lower level of mothers' schooling, greater access to electronic devices, and the occurrence of sleep disorders.

Use of electronic devices, practice of sports, and awake bruxism in schoolchildren aged eight to ten years

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate whether possible awake bruxism (AB) is associated with the use of electronic devices and the practice of sports in schoolchildren aged eight to ten years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 students in public and private schools in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data. The children answered questions about use of electronic devices, practice of sports, and AB. Statistical analysis involved robust logistic regression for complex samples (α = 5%). The prevalence of possible AB was 14.9%. Being female (OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.11-2.63), being the middle child (OR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.14-3.88), having unmarried parents (OR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.13-2.65), daily use of a cell phone/tablet/computer (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.19-2.80), use of electronic devices for two or more hours per day (OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.35-2.86), and playing sports in and/or out of school (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.18-2.52) remained associated with possible AB in the final model. The presence of possible AB was influenced by the use of electronic devices and the practice of sports among schoolchildren aged eight to ten years.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and sleep bruxism in children eight to ten years of age

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and possible sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. The study hypothesis was that sleep disturbances influenced a higher occurrence of bruxism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was conducted at two time points: in person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), and online during the pandemic (T2). The sample comprised 105 children. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, the use of electronic devices, reported (vs. clinical) SB, and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) at both T1 and T2. McNemar's and Wilcoxon's tests were used to compare SB and sleep disorders at both time points. Poisson regression analysis determined the relative risk (RR) among the variables, and the incidence of possible SB (p≤0.05). The comparison of the two time points (T1 and T2) revealed a significant increase in possible SB (p<0.01) and sleep disorders (p < 0.04). Children whose parents had a lower schooling level (RR: 2.67; 95%CI: 1.19-6.01), those with their own electronic devices (RR: 1.97; 95%CI: 1.09-2.50), and those with sleep disorders during the pandemic (RR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.35-2.24) were at greater risk of developing SB during the pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of bruxism and sleep disorders was greater during the pandemic. The factors influencing SB incidence during the pandemic were a lower level of mothers' schooling, greater access to electronic devices, and the occurrence of sleep disorders.

Contributions of school context to caries on anterior teeth: a multilevel analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether oral health literacy (OHL) and school context are associated with untreated dental caries on the anterior teeth of adolescents. METHODS: A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 students aging 15 to 19 in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data and the absence/presence of private health insurance. Two examiners were trained for the diagnosis of dental caries using the Nyvad criteria and the measurement of OHL using the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) (Kappa > 0.80). Contextual aspects of the schools were obtained from the 2017 National School Census. Descriptive statistics were conducted, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust negative binomial regression for complex samples (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The average number of anterior teeth with untreated caries was 0.95 (SD = 1.77). Among individual factors, the male sex (RR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.24-2.16), inadequate level of OHL (RR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.13-1.63), marginal level of OHL (RR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.05-3.33) and not having private health insurance (RR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.68) were associated with untreated caries on anterior teeth. Among school contextual factors, the number of students in the classroom (RR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.78-3.93), number of public oral health services in the district (RR = 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05-0.39) and average income of the district in which the school is located (RR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) were associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Sociodemographic factors, having private health insurance, OHL, and school context exerted an influence on the occurrence of untreated dental caries on anterior teeth in adolescents aging 15 to 19.

Oral health literacy, sociodemographic, family, and clinical predictors of dental visits among Brazilian early adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of dental caries is high in adolescents worldwide, and a large percentage have never been to a dentist or have not had regular dental appointments. AIM: To evaluate the influence of oral health literacy and sociodemographic, clinical, and family factors on dental visits among early adolescents. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 740 12-year-old students in Campina Grande, Brazil. Students answered about their level of oral health literacy (BREALD-30), levels of family adaptability and cohesion (FACES III), and visits to the dentist sometime in life. Dental caries experience was evaluated using Nyvad criteria. Robust Poisson regression for complex samples was performed. RESULTS: A higher level of oral health literacy (PR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03), high social class (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.09-1.50), higher mother's schooling (PR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.37-1.83), family cohesion classified as enmeshed (PR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.19-2.02) and connected (PR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02-1.44), and the absence of toothache (PR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01-1.38) remained associated with having visited a dentist. CONCLUSIONS: Oral health literacy and sociodemographic, family, and clinical factors were predictors of having visited a dentist among early adolescents.

Contributions of school context to caries on anterior teeth: a multilevel analysis

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate whether oral health literacy (OHL) and school context are associated with untreated dental caries on the anterior teeth of adolescents. METHODS A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 students aging 15 to 19 in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data and the absence/presence of private health insurance. Two examiners were trained for the diagnosis of dental caries using the Nyvad criteria and the measurement of OHL using the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) (Kappa > 0.80). Contextual aspects of the schools were obtained from the 2017 National School Census. Descriptive statistics were conducted, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust negative binomial regression for complex samples (p < 0.05). RESULTS The average number of anterior teeth with untreated caries was 0.95 (SD = 1.77). Among individual factors, the male sex (RR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.24-2.16), inadequate level of OHL (RR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.13-1.63), marginal level of OHL (RR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.05-3.33) and not having private health insurance (RR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.68) were associated with untreated caries on anterior teeth. Among school contextual factors, the number of students in the classroom (RR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.78-3.93), number of public oral health services in the district (RR = 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05-0.39) and average income of the district in which the school is located (RR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) were associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors, having private health insurance, OHL, and school context exerted an influence on the occurrence of untreated dental caries on anterior teeth in adolescents aging 15 to 19.

Associação entre o alfabetismo funcional e o reconhecimento da palavra bruxismo em adolescentes / Association between functional literacy and the recognition of the word bruxism in adolescents

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre alfabetismo funcional e o reconhecimento da palavra "bruxismo" entre adolescentes. Métodos: Foi um estudo transversal realizado em uma cidade de porte médio no Brasil. A amostra consistiu em 375 escolares de 12 anos e 368 de 15 a 19 anos selecionados aleatoriamente. Dois examinadores calibrados (Kappa > 0,80) aplicaram o instrumento de alfabetismo em saúde bucal validado para adolescentes o Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry ­ BREALD-30 e o reconhecimento da palavra "bruxismo" foi utilizado como variável dependente, além de um questionário sobre o alfabetismo funcional (Índice de Alfabetismo Funcional ­INAF). Os pais/cuidadores responderam um questionário sociodemográfico. Foi realizada análise não-ajustada e regressão logística para amostras complexas(p < 0,05). Resultados: No modelo final, os adolescentes de 12 anos que tiveram mais chances de não reconhecer a palavra "bruxismo" foram os de escola pública (OR = 2,83; 95% IC: 1,79-4,46; p = 0,001), sem plano de saúde (OR = 2,02; 95% IC: 1,21-3,37; p = 0,007) e com menor nível de alfabetismo funcional (OR = 2,66; 95% IC: 1,66-4,26; p < 0,001). Adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos que tiveram maior chance de não reconhecer a palavra "bruxismo" foram os com menor nível de alfabetismo funcional (OR = 3,29; 95% IC: 1,93-5,60; p < 0,001), que residiam com mais pessoas em casa (OR = 2,04; 95% IC: 1,02-4,11; p = 0,040), que tinham pais/responsáveis com baixo nível de escolaridade (OR = 1,97; 95% IC: 1,15-3,36; p = 0,013) e que nunca foram ao dentista (OR = 3,08;95% IC: 1,26-7,52; p = 0,03). Conclusão:O reconhecimento do termo "bruxismo" entre os adolescentes de 12 anos foi influenciado pela presença deplano de saúde e por um maior nível de alfabetismo funcional. Na faixa etária maior, o maior nível de alfabetismo funcional, o menor número de pessoas em casa, a maior escolaridade do responsável e a ida ao dentista influenciaram no reconhecimento do termo.

Aim: To evaluate the association between functional literacy and the recognition of the word "bruxism" among adolescentes.Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a mid-sized city in Brazil. The sample consisted of 375 schoolchildren, age 12, and 368, aged 15 to 19 years, selected at random. Two calibrated examiners (Kappa > 0.80) applied the oral health literacy instrument, validated for adolescents, the "Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry" (BREALD-30) and the recognition of the word "bruxism" was used as a dependent variable, in addition to a questionnaire on functional literacy (Functional Literacy Index ­ INAF). Parents/caregivers answered a sociodemographic questionnaire. Unadjusted analysis and logistic regression were performed for complex samples (p < 0.05). Results: In the final model, the 12-year-old adolescents who were most likely not to recognize the word "bruxism" were those from public schools (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.79-4.46; p = 0.001), without health insurance (OR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.21-3.37; p = 0.007), and with a lower level of functional literacy (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1, 66-4.26; p < 0.001). Adolescents, aged 15 to 19, who had a greater chance of not recognizing the word "bruxism" were those with the lowest level of functional literacy (OR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.93-5.60; p < 0.001), who lived with more people at home (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.02-4.11; p = 0.040), who had parents/guardians with a low level of education (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.15-3.36; p = 0.013). and who had never been to the dentist (OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.26-7.52; p = 0.03). Conclusion: The recognition of the term "bruxism" among 12-year-olds was influenced by the presence of a health plan and a higher level of functional literacy. In the older age group, the higher level of functional literacy, the smaller number of people at home, the higher level of education of the person in charge, and the individual's visit to the dentist influenced the recognition of the term.

Câncer bucal: voz e qualidade de vida pós mutilação / Oral cancer: voice and quality of life after mutilation / Cáncer oral: voz y calidad de vida después de la mutilación

Objetivo: investigar o impacto da deformidade bucal oncológica na comunicação oral e na qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos. Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo, transversal, com abordagem mista. Amostra de 41 pacientes, submetidos à cirurgia para retirada do câncer bucal, resultando em mutilação e inteligibilidade verbal. Instrumentos: Questionário sociodemográfico; Índice de Desvantagem Vocal; Questionário Qualidade de Vida da Universidade de Washington; Roteiro Semiestruturado para análise no software Iramuteq®.Resultado: a mutilação predominou em região de palato. Avaliação vocal mostrou o sexo masculino com pior qualidade de vida, expressivamente escala Social, enquanto, o feminino, escala Física. A análise lexical mostrou necessidades, frustrações e expectativas. Conclusão: o estudo revelou a vergonha, o medo, o isolamento social e, ao mesmo tempo, a esperança de voltar a, pelo menos, poder falar e ser compreendido pelas outras pessoas através do uso da prótese

Objective: to investigate the impact of oral cancer deformity on oral communication and the quality of life of adults and the elderly. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional observational study with a mixed approach. Sample of 41 patients undergoing surgery to remove oral cancer, resulting in mutilation and verbal intelligibility. Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire; Voice Handicap Index; University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire; Semi-structured script for analysis in the Iramuteq® software. Result: mutilation predominated in the palate region. Vocal assessment showed the male sex with worse quality of life, significantly on the Social scale, while the female, Physical scale. Lexical analysis showed needs, frustrations and expectations. Conclusion:the study revealed shame, fear, social isolation and, at the same time, the hope of returning to at least being able to talk and be understood by other people through the use of the prosthesis

Objetivo: investigar el impacto de la deformidad del cáncer oral en la comunicación oral y la calidad de vida de adultos y ancianos. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal con enfoque mixto. Muestra de 41 pacientes sometidos a cirugía para extirpar el cáncer oral, lo que resulta en mutilación e inteligibilidad verbal. Instrumentos: cuestionario sociodemográfico; Índice de discapacidad de voz; Cuestionario de calidad de vida de la Universidad de Washington; Guión semiestructurado para análisis en el software Iramuteq®. Resultado: la mutilación predominó en la región del paladar. La evaluación vocal mostró el sexo masculino con peor calidad de vida, significativamente en la escala social, mientras que la hembra, la escala física. El análisis léxico mostró necesidades, frustraciones y expectativas. Conclusión: el estudio reveló vergüenza, miedo, aislamiento social y, al mismo tiempo, la esperanza de volver al menos a poder hablar y ser entendido por otras personas mediante el uso de la prótesis

Degree of family cohesion and social class are associated with the number of cavitated dental caries in adolescents.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between number of cavitated dental caries in adolescents and family cohesion, drug use, sociodemographic factors and visits to the dentist. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years from Campina Grande, Brazil. The parents answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data, and the adolescents answered questionnaires on drug use, type of family cohesion and visits to the dentist. Two examiners underwent training and calibration exercises (K > 0.80) to diagnose dental caries using the Nyvad criteria. A directed acyclic graph was created to select the variables to be controlled in the statistical model. Associations between the independent variables and the outcome were determined using robust Poisson Regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The prevalence of dental caries and cavitated lesions among the adolescents was 92.8% and 41.6%, respectively. The following variables remained associated with the number of cavitated lesions in the multivariate analysis: disengaged (RR: 6.30; 95%CI: 1.24-31.88; p = 0.028 ), separated (RR: 4.80; 95%CI: 1.03-22.35; p = 0.046) and connected (RR: 5.23; 95%CI: 1.27-21.59; p = 0.024) levels of family cohesion, and high social class (RR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.39-0.76; p = 0.001). In conclusion, this paper posits that adolescents with a lower socioeconomic status, and those whose family cohesion was classified as disengaged, separated or connected, had a larger number of cavitated lesions.